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Links are found in nearly all web pages. Links allow users to click their way from page to page.

HTML Links - Hyperlinks

HTML Links are Hyperlinks.
You can click on a link and jump to another document.
When you move the mouse over a link, the mouse arrow will turn into a little hand.

Note: A link does not have to be text. A link can be an image or any other HTML element!

HTML Links - Syntax

The HTML <a> tag defines a hyperlink. It has the following syntax:

The most important attribute of the <a> element is the href attribute, which indicates the link's destination.
The link text is the part that will be visible to the reader.
Clicking on the link text, will send the reader to the specified URL address.

<a href = "https://www.google.com"> Visit Google! </a>

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By default, links will appear as follows in all browsers:

An unvisited link is underlined and blue
A visited link is underlined and purple
An active link is underlined and red

Tip: Links can of course be styled with CSS, to get another look!

HTML Links - The target Attribute

By default, the linked page will be displayed in the current browser window. To change this, you must specify another target for the link.
The target attribute specifies where to open the linked document.
The target attribute can have one of the following values:

_self (Default) - Opens the document in the same window/tab as it was clicked
-blank - Opens the document in a new window or tab
_parent - Opens the document in the parent frame
_top - Opens the document in the full body of the window

Absolute URLs vs. Relative URLs

Both examples above are using an absolute URL (a full web address) in the href attribute.
A local link (a link to a page within the same website) is specified with a relative URL (without the "https://www" part):

Example:

<h2>Absolute URLs</h2>
<a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/"> Indian Space Research Organization </a>

<h2>Relative URLs</h2>
<a href="index.html">Indian Space Research Organization </a>

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Use a full URL to link a web page:

<a href="https://www.google.com"> www.google.com </a>

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Link to a Page located in the html folder on the current web site:

<a href="/folder/file.html">HTML Tutorials</a>

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Link to a page located in the same folder as the current page:

<a href="file.html">www.google.com</a>

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Note: You can read more about file paths in the chapter HTML File Paths

HTML Links - Use an Image as a Link

To use an image as a link, just put the <img> tag inside the <a> tag:

Example:

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Link to an Email Address

Use mailto: inside the href attribute to create a link that opens the user's email program (to let them send a new email):

Example:

<a href = "mailto:hello@world.com"> Send an Email</a>

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Button as a Link

To use an HTML button as a link, you have to add some JavaScript code.
JavaScript allows you to specify what happens at certain events, such as a click of a button:

Example:

<button onclick = "document.location = 'default.asp'"> HTML Tutorial<button>

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Tip:Learn more about JavaScript in our JavaScript Tutorial.

Link Titles

The title attribute specifies extra information about an element. The information is most often shown as a tooltip text when the mouse moves over the element.

Example:

<a href="https://www.google.com/" title="Google">You want to search!</a>

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Chapter Summary

Use the <a> element to define a link
Use the href attribute to define the link address.
Use the target attribute to define where to open the linked document
Use the <img> element (inside <a>) to use an image as a link
Use the mailto: scheme inside the href attribute to create a link that opens the user's email program

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